Happy New Year 元旦快樂

“元”有开始之意，“旦”指天明的意思。元旦（New Year's Day，New Year ）便是一年开始的第一天，也被称为“新历年”“阳历年”。元旦又称“三元”，即岁之元、月之元、时之元。辛亥革命成功后，孙中山为了“行夏正，所以顺农时，从西历”，定农历正月初一为春节，而以西历的1月1日为新年。1949年9月27日，中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议决定：“中华人民共和国纪年采用公元年法”，确认新年（元旦）为中国的法定节日。元旦也是世界上很多国家或地区的法定假日。
中国元旦历来指的是农（夏、阴）历正月初一。“元旦”的“元”，指开始，是第一的意思，凡数之始称为“元”；“旦”，象形字，上面的“日”代表太阳，下面的“一”代表地平线。“旦”即太阳从地平线上冉冉升起，象征一日的开始。人们把“元”和“旦”两个字结合起来，就引申为新年开始的第一天。元旦又称“三元”，即岁之元、月之元、时之元。在汉语各地语言中有不同叫法，有叫“大年初一”的，有叫“大天初一”的，有叫“年初一”的，一般又叫“正月初一”。在中国，元旦已列入了法定假日。由于世界各国所处的经度位置不同，各国的时间也不同，因此，“元旦”的日期也有不同。中国是世界上第12个开始新年的国家。
传说在4000多年前远古的尧舜盛世之时，尧天子在位时勤政于民为百姓办了很多好事，很受广大百姓爱戴，但因其子无才不太成器，他没把“天子”的皇位传给自己的儿子，而是传给了品德才能兼备的舜。尧对舜说：“古代元旦年画
你今后一定要把帝位传交好，待我死后也可安心瞑目了。”后来舜把帝位传给了治洪水有功的禹，禹亦像舜那样亲民爱民为百姓做了很多好事，都十分受人爱戴。后来人们把尧死后，舜帝祭祀天地和先帝尧的那一天，当作一年的开始之日，把正月初一称为“元旦”，或“元正”，这就是古代的元旦。历代皇朝都在元旦举行庆贺典仪祈祀等活动，如祭诸神祭先祖，写门对挂春联，书写福字、舞龙灯，民间也逐渐形成祭神佛、祭祖先、贴春联、放鞭炮、守岁、吃团圆饭以及众多的“社火”等娱乐欢庆活动。晋代诗人辛兰曾有《元正》诗：“元正启令节，嘉庆肇自兹。咸奏万年觞，小大同悦熙。”记述元旦庆贺情景。
西元前46年，古罗马凯撒把这一天定为西历新年的开始，为了祝福双面神“Janus”，这位罗马神话中的门神，“Janus”后来也演化为英文一月“January”这个词。原本以为教皇把耶稣诞生年作为公元元年，公元一月一日也和耶稣有关联，事实并非如此。可能依照西方普遍信仰基督教，还应该是12月25日圣诞日为过年，所以西方的新年没有圣诞隆重。

New Year's Day is observed on January 1, the first day of the year on the modern Gregorian calendar as well as the Julian calendar used in ancient Rome. With most countries using the Gregorian calendar as their main calendar, New Year's Day is the closest thing to being the world's only truly global public holiday, often celebrated with fireworks at the stroke of midnight as the new year starts. January 1 on the Julian calendar currently corresponds to January 14 on the Gregorian calendar, and it is on that date that followers of some of the Eastern Orthodox churches celebrate the New Year.
The Romans dedicated this day to Janus, the god of gates, doors, and beginnings. After Julius Caesar reformed the calendar in 46 BC and was subsequently murdered, the Roman Senate voted to deify him on the 1st January 42 BC [1] in honour of his life and his institution of the new rationalised calendar.[2] The month originally owes its name to the deity Janus, who had two faces, one looking forward and the other looking backward. This suggests that New Year's celebrations are founded on pagan traditions. Some have suggested this occurred in 153 BC, when it was stipulated that the two annual consuls (after whose names the years were identified) entered into office on that day, though no consensus exists on the matter.[3] Dates in March, coinciding with the spring equinox, or commemorating the Annunciation of Jesus, along with a variety of Christian feast dates were used throughout the Middle Ages, though calendars often continued to display the months in columns running from January to December.

Among the 7th century pagans of Flanders and the Netherlands, it was the custom to exchange gifts at the New Year. This was a pagan custom deplored by Saint Eligius (died 659 or 660), who warned the Flemings and Dutchmen, "(Do not) make vetulas, [little figures of the Old Woman], little deer or iotticos or set tables [for the house-elf, compare Puck] at night or exchange New Year gifts or supply superfluous drinks [another Yule custom]." The quote is from the vita of Eligius written by his companion, Ouen.

Most countries in Western Europe officially adopted January 1 as New Year's Day somewhat before they adopted the Gregorian calendar. In England, the Feast of the Annunciation on March 25, was the first day of the new year until the adoption of the Gregorian Calendar in 1752. The March 25 date was known as Annunciation Style; the January 1 date was known as Circumcision Style, because this was the date of the Feast of the Circumcision, being the eighth day of Jesus' life, counting from December 25 when he was believed to be born. This day was christened as the beginning of the New Year by Pope Gregory as he designed the Liturgical Calendar.

In cultures which traditionally or currently use calendars other than the Gregorian, New Year's Day is often also an important celebration. Some countries concurrently use the Gregorian and another calendar. New Year's Day in the alternative calendar attracts alternative celebrations of New year.
Chinese New Year is celebrated in many countries around the world. It is the first day of the lunar calendar and is corrected for the solar every three years. The holiday normally falls between 20 January and 20 February. The holiday is celebrated with plenty of good food, families, lucky red envelopes (filled with money), and many other red things which resemble good luck. Lion and dragon dances, drums, fireworks, firecrackers, and other types of entertainment fill the streets on this day. This holiday is a favourite for many of the adults and children who celebrate it.
Tamil New Year (Puthandu[[1]]) is celebrated on 13th April or 14th April. Traditionally, it is celebrated as Chiththirai Thirunaal in parts of Tamilnadu to mark the event of Sun entering into Aries. Panchangam (almanac), is read in temples to mark the start of the Year.
Thai New Year is celebrated on 13th April or 14th April and is called Songkran in the local language. People usually come out to splash water at each other to reduce the heat, of which is the most intense during this time of the year in Thailand.
Hindu New Year falls at the time and date the Sun enters Aries on the Hindu calendar. Normally on 14 April or 15 April depending on the Leap year. The new year is celebrated by paying respect to elders in the family and by seeking their blessings. They also exchange tokens of good wishes for a healthy and prosperous year ahead.
Nowruz marks the first day of spring and the beginning of the year in Iranian calendar. It is celebrated on the day of the astronomical vernal equinox, which usually occurs on March 21 or the previous/following day depending on where it is observed. Nowruz has been celebrated for over 3,000 years by the related cultural continent. The holiday is also celebrated and observed by many parts of Central Asia, South Asia, Northwestern China, Crimea and some groups in the Balkans. As well as being a Zoroastrian holiday and having significance amongst the Zoroastrian ancestors of modern Iranians, the same time is celebrated in the Indian sub-continent as the new year. The moment the Sun crosses the celestial equator and equalizes night and day is calculated exactly every year and Iranian families gather together to observe the rituals.
Islamic The Hijri New Year, also known as Islamic new year (Arabic: رأس السنة الهجرية‎ Ras as-Sanah al-Hijriyah) is the day that marks the beginning of a new Islamic calendar year. New Year moves from year to year because the Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar.The first day of the year is observed on the first day of Muharram, the first month in the Islamic calendar.
Israel is one country that uses the Gregorian calendar but does not formally celebrate the New Year's holiday — mainly due to objections by religious parties on the holiday's non-Jewish origins.[citation needed] However, there are Israeli Jews who partake in some sort of celebration. The date of the Jewish new year is celebrated on Rosh Hashanah no matter where the location.
Japanese New Year in Japan is celebrated on January 1 because the Gregorian calendar is now used instead of the Chinese calendar.
Korean New Year called Seolnal is the first day of the lunar calendar. Koreans also celebrate solar New Year's Day on January 1 each year, following the Gregorian Calendar. People get a day off that day while have minimum three days off on Lunar New Year. People celebrate New Year's Day by preparing food for the ancestors' spirits, visiting ancestors' graves, then playing Korean games such as Yutnol'i {say: yun-no-ree} with families. Young children give respect to their parents, grandparents, relatives, and other elders by bowing down in a traditional way and are given good wishes and some money by the elders. Families enjoy the new years also by counting down until 12:00 a.m., which would be New Year's Day.
Ethiopian New Year called Enqutatash. It is celebrated on September 11 or September 12 based on the leap year. Ethiopia uses its own ancient calendar. However some say it has connection with Julian calendar. The new year is the end of the summer season and where you see natural flowers every where in the country.